Inshinge zera uruhu zigurishwa n'amavuriro ya dermatology, salon y'ubwiza hamwe n'amaduka mbuga nkoranyambaga. Muri Indoneziya bazwi nka suntik putih cyangwa suntikan pemutihan ; ahandi bagurishwa nkibitonyanga bya glutathione, amafuti ya vitamine C cyangwa 'kumurika booster '. Ese inshinge zifite umutekano, ninde ubigenga, kandi nigute ivuriro cyangwa umurwayi babwira ibicuruzwa nyabyo bivuye mubinyoma?
Aka gatabo karibanda ku mutekano, kugenzura no gutahura impimbano. Niba ushaka kumenya ibiyigize bikora neza kuri melasma cyangwa guceceka, soma ibigereranyo byacu bitandukanye glutathione vs vitamine C vs inshinge za acide tranexamic.
Ese inshinge zera uruhu zifite umutekano? Igisubizo kigufi
Biterwa nibintu bitatu: ibitera inshinge, uko byatewe n'aho ibicuruzwa byaturutse. Igicuruzwa cyanditswe, gikoreshwa mubimenyetso byemewe cyangwa bishingiye ku bimenyetso byerekana uwabimenyereye wujuje ibyangombwa mu buryo butemewe, bitwara imiterere itandukanye cyane y’ibyago biva mu gikoresho kitanditswe kitaguzwe kuri interineti kandi gitangwa nkigitonyanga cyinjira muri salon.
Ibintu bibiri byerekana ibiganiro. Ubwa mbere, FDA yo muri Amerika hamwe na Filipine FDA bavuga ko batigeze bemera ibicuruzwa byatewe inshinge zo kwera cyangwa kumurika. Icya kabiri, ingaruka zikomeye akenshi ntiziva mubintu ubwabyo ahubwo biva mubicuruzwa bitazwi hamwe nuburyo bwo gutera inshinge. Nta inshinge ishobora guhindura burundu ibara ryuruhu rusanzwe, ingingo yacu inshinge zihoraho zo kwera zirasobanura muburyo burambuye.
Ni izihe ngaruka zo gutera inshinge?
Ingaruka ziva mubicuruzwa ubwabyo
FDA yo muri Amerika yihanangirije ko ibicuruzwa byera uruhu byatewe inshinge bigurishwa kumurongo no muri spas bishobora kuba bibi kandi bitagira ingaruka kandi bishobora kuba birimo ibintu byangiza bitazwi cyangwa byanduye. Nkuko umufarumasiye wa FDA yabivuze, abayikoresha 'mubyukuri batera ibintu bitazwi ' batazi ibirimo cyangwa uko byakozwe. Nk’uko FDA ibivuga, ibyo bicuruzwa bishobora kuba birimo glutathione, vitamine C, kolagen ndetse n’ibisimba by’abantu.
Ingaruka zatewe nuburyo bwo gutera inshinge
Inshinge iyo ari yo yose isenya inzitizi y'uruhu. FDA ivuga ko uburyo bwo gutera inshinge budakwiye cyangwa butemewe bushobora kwanduza indwara, gutera kwandura no gukomeretsa bikomeye. Filipine FDA ivuga cyane cyane ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera sida na hepatite B na C, ibyo bikaba bihangayikishije cyane cyane iyo umuntu utari umuganga atanga ubuvuzi cyangwa ikigo kidafite ingumba.
Ingaruka zihariye zidasanzwe-IV
Imiburo myinshi yumutekano ireba ikoreshwa ryimitsi. Philippine FDA yanditse urutonde rwingaruka ziterwa n'uburozi bwa glutathione yatewe umwijima, impyiko na sisitemu y'imitsi, hiyongereyeho na syndrome ya Stevens-Johnson, uruhu rukomeye. Kuri vitamine C ya IV, iraburira ko amabuye y'impyiko ashobora kubaho niba inkari zifite aside kandi ko dosiye nini zatumye hémodialyse ku bantu bafite ikibazo cya G6PD. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri Amerika ku mikoreshereze ya vitamine C ya IV bwerekanye ingaruka ku barwayi 101 ku 9.328, abenshi bakaba ari bato, ariko bemeza ingorane zizwi ku bantu bafite ubumuga bw’impyiko cyangwa ibura rya G6PD (Padayatty et al., 2010). Kugaragaza ibibazo.
Ingaruka ndende ndende
Isuzuma ryakozwe mu mwaka wa 2016 mu kinyamakuru cy’ubuvuzi cyo muri Afurika yepfo ryasanze nta bushakashatsi bwatangajwe kuri IV glutathione yo koroshya uruhu kandi nta makuru y’umutekano wacyo kugira ngo akoreshwe karande. Abanditsi kandi bagaragaje impungenge zishingiye ku nyigisho: kubera ko glutathione ihindura umusaruro wa melanin uva mu mwijima ukajya mu ibara ritukura, bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'uruhu iterwa n'izuba ku bantu babanje kurindwa n'umwijima wijimye (Davids et al., 2016). Abanyafilipine FDA bavuga impungenge zimwe. Ibi nibibazo bifunguye, ntabwo byagaragaye ko ari bibi.
Uburyo abagenzuzi babona inshinge zera uruhu
Amerika
FDA ivuga ko itigeze yemera imiti iyo ari yo yose yatewe mu kwera uruhu cyangwa kumurika kandi ifata ibicuruzwa nk'imiti mishya itemewe. Mu mwaka wa 2014, Abanyamerika b'Abanyamerika bafashe ibikoresho byo kwera bitemewe byagurishijwe na sosiyete ya New Jersey babisabwe na FDA, maze mu 2017 umucamanza wa federasiyo ategeka iyi sosiyete guhagarika kugurisha no kwibuka ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe.
Philippines
Muri Inama ngishwanama ya 2019 ku mikoreshereze mibi ya glutathione nk'umuti woroheje uruhu , Philippine FDA yavuze ko itigeze yemera ibicuruzwa byatewe inshinge zo kumurika uruhu kandi ko glutathione yatewe byemewe gusa nk'ubuvuzi bufatika muri chimiotherapie ya cisplatine. Yagiriye inama abaturage kugisha inama abajyanama ba dermatologue bemewe kandi bakirinda kugura ibicuruzwa byatewe inshinge kumurongo.
Indoneziya
Ikigo gishinzwe ibiryo n'ibiyobyabwenge muri Indoneziya, BPOM, gishyira inshinge za vitamine C nk'umuti wandikirwa mu kuvura ibura rya vitamine C, nk'uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n'abakozi ba BPOM (Rastika et al., 2022). Ku nyongeramusaruro ya glutathione, BPOM yemerera mg 600 ntarengwa kumunsi kandi ntabwo yemerera ibicuruzwa kuzamurwa nkuwera uruhu.
Ahandi hose
Amategeko yo kwandikisha ibicuruzwa no kubashobora gutera inshinge zitandukanye nigihugu. Mbere yo kugura cyangwa gutanga ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyaka, reba uburyo umugenzuzi wigihugu wawe ashyira ibicuruzwa hamwe nibigenewe gukoreshwa.
Ikibazo Cyimpimbano
Ibisabwa byinshi, kugurisha kumurongo no kohereza imipaka bituma inshinge zera zigamije kwibeshya. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku buzima Urupapuro rwerekana ibicuruzwa byubuvuzi bitujuje ubuziranenge kandi rwibinyoma bigereranya ko byibura imiti 1 kuri 10 mu bihugu byinjiza amafaranga make kandi yo hagati mu bihugu byinjiza amafaranga make kandi itabeshya kandi ikavuga ko ibicuruzwa nkibi bigurishwa kuri interineti cyangwa ku masoko adasanzwe. Ibicuruzwa byibinyoma byerekana nkana umwirondoro wabo, ibigize cyangwa inkomoko.
Ibicuruzwa byera nabyo ntibisanzwe. Igihe abashakashatsi ba BPOM baguze ibirango bine bya vitamine C bitanditswe ku isoko rya interineti bakabipima, bitatu ntabwo byujuje vitamine C ivugwa kuri label; imwe yarimo 12.8% gusa y'amafaranga asabwa. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko inshinge zagurishijwe binyuze kuri e-ubucuruzi, amavuriro y’ubwiza n’imurikagurisha ry’ubwiza, naho amavuriro umunani kuri icyenda atanga inshinge zera ntagaragaza ikirango bakoresheje (Rastika et al., 2022). Mu 2025, BPOM yatangaje ko ibizamini bya laboratoire ku ngero z’inyongera ya glutathione itemewe kandi yasanze nta L-glutathione na gato, kandi ko ingero zitandukanye mu bunini, ku gishushanyo, ikirangantego na hologramamu. Uru rubanza rwarimo capsules zo mu kanwa, ntabwo ari inshinge, ariko yerekana intera ibirango bishobora kuva mubirimo.
Ku mavuriro n'abayatanga: Sourcing nyayo, ibicuruzwa bikurikiranwa
Ku mavuriro no kuyatanga, vial mpimbano nikibazo cyumutekano wumurwayi, ikibazo cyamategeko nicyubahiro. Gura mu buryo butaziguye n'ababikora cyangwa ababigenewe babiherewe uburenganzira, bika nimero ya dosiye kuri dosiye kugirango bivurwe, wemeze ko kuranga no kwiyandikisha bikwiranye nisoko ryawe, kandi ugaha akato ububiko ubwo aribwo bwose bwangiritse cyangwa ibicuruzwa bidahuye.
AOMA itanga ibisubizo byiza bya mesotherapi, harimo TXA, vitamine C hamwe na formulaire yo guhuza, ku mavuriro yemewe kandi ayakwirakwiza, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bikurikiranwa hamwe n’umusaruro wa OEM. Gushakisha Urupapuro rwa AOMA rwera . MOQ itangirira kubice 200 kububiko na OEM byateganijwe. Gutumiza ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mumasaha 24, kandi OEM yo kuyobora ni ibyumweru 2-3 nyuma yubuhanzi, formula hamwe nibipfunyika byemejwe. AOMA ifite ibyemezo bya CE, ISO 13485, GMP na FDA.
Ibibazo
Ese inshinge zera uruhu zifite umutekano?
Ntabwo bemerewe kwera uruhu na FDA yo muri Amerika cyangwa FDA ya Philippine. Ingaruka ziterwa nigicuruzwa, inzira ninshinge. Ibicuruzwa bitanditswe hamwe na IV bitonyanga byatanzwe hanze yubuvuzi bitwara ibyago byinshi.
Ese IV glutathione yemerewe kwera uruhu?
Oya. Philippine FDA yemeje glutathione yatewe inshinge gusa nkumugereka wa chimoterapi ya cisplatine, kandi FDA yo muri Amerika ntabwo yemeye imiti iyo ari yo yose yatewe kugirango yorohereze uruhu.
Nabwirwa n'iki ko inshinge yera ari impimbano?
Reba neza ko nimero yo kwiyandikisha ihuye nububiko bwubugenzuzi bwawe, ikirango cyuzuye, kashe ntizifite, gupakira birahoraho kandi ugurisha ashobora kwandika inkomoko. Ntibisanzwe ibiciro biri hasi hamwe nabagurisha kumurongo batamenyekanye nibimenyetso byo kuburira.
Ese 'suntik putih ' byemewe muri Indoneziya?
BPOM ishyira inshinge za vitamine C nk'umuti wandikirwa, kandi inshinge za vitamine C zitanditswe zabonetse zigurishwa kuri interineti, mu imurikagurisha ry'ubwiza no mu mavuriro. Emera ibicuruzwa byanditse gusa byatanzwe nabashinzwe ubuvuzi babiherewe uburenganzira.
Rastika DGB, Triwinanti N, Salaffudin MG. Peredaran vitamine C injeksi ilegal di Indoneziya [Gukwirakwiza inshinge za vitamine C zitemewe muri Indoneziya]. Eruditio . 2022; 2 (2): 13-21. doi: 10.54384 / eruditio.v2i2.109
Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Siaran Pers HM.01.1.2.08.25.146: Waspada produk Dr. LSW, suplemen kesehatan ilegal dengan klaim pemutih kulit. 21 Kanama 2025.
Davids LM, Van Wyk JC, Khumalo NP. Glutathione yimitsi yo kumurika uruhu: amakuru yumutekano adahagije. S Afr Med J. 2016; 106 (8): 782–786. PMID: 27499402.
Dr. Emily Carter (MD, Mugenzi w’ishuri rikuru ry’Abanyamerika ryita ku ndwara ya Dermatology) ni umuganga w’ubuvuzi w’amavuta wo kwisiga wemewe mu mujyi wa New York ufite uburambe bw’imyaka irenga 9 mu kuzuza aside aside ya hyaluronike, kuvura inkovu, ndetse no mu maso hakeye. Azwi cyane cyane kubuhanga afite mubuvuzi buhanitse bwo kuvura inshinge zorohereza neza inkovu za acne, zigatera gukira uruhu, kandi zigarura ubworoherane binyuze mu gutera inshinge zigamije gusana uruhu hamwe nubuhanga bwo kuzamura uruhu.
